Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files - Africa and Middle East Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files - Africa and Middle East Access information: Access on and off campus. Description: A number of fascinating issues are chronicled including the brutal civil war between Biafra and Nigeria in the late 1960s; the 1964 Rivonia trial of Nelson Mandela and seven leaders of the African National Congress; violent protest against the South African government coupled with police crackdowns on the resistance; the first years of independence in Ghana and the Congo; and political developments in Egypt, Iran, Iraq, and Israel, including Ali Amin’s tenure as prime minister and his succession by Asadollah Alam in Iran, developments in the Knesset (Israeli Parliament), the political fortunes of important members of the Israeli government, and the fragile security situation faced by Israel. The countries covered: Biafra/Nigeria; Congo; Egypt; Ghana; South Africa; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Lebanon; Palestine; Saudi Arabia; and the Persian Gulf States (Aden, Bahrein, Kuwait, Muscat & Oman, Qatar, Trucial Sheiks); Yemen. Coverage: 1960-1969. This article was published on 2024-08-21
